Technical contingencies is the main factor which has so far limited, and will prevent, the penetration of contact smart cards in sectors including transportation, access control or identification. The main constraints are :
Limited transaction speed makes contact technology unsuitable for high transaction volumes/throughput
Physical contact between cards and readers reduces the lifetime of the cards and readers
Tagging and identification are not possible because of contact constraints
Disposable contact based smart tickets are not available on the market
Robustness is needed for intensive usage